![]() ![]() Updates are titled XProtectPlistConfigData, and are pushed at irregular intervals, every few weeks, when Apple’s security team needs to update them for changing malware threats. This is delivered in a ‘Yara’ file within XProtect.bundle in the CoreServices folder, and stored on the Data volume for ease of updating. MRT still works on older Macs, but as time passes its protection will wane, and older versions of macOS may benefit from additional protection to compensate.Īlthough in the past XProtect has had other functions, such as blocking the use of vulnerable versions of Java and Flash Player, its main purpose now is to provide the macOS security system with a dictionary of signatures for known malware. MRT hasn’t been updated since April 2022, while XProtect Remediator is currently updated every two weeks. For those, Apple has replaced MRT with a completely different form of XProtect, commonly known as XProtect Remediator. This year, this has changed for Macs running macOS Catalina and later. Periodically, Apple distributes updates to XProtect’s data bundle, and the MRT app. MRT scans storage looking for the tell-tale signs of the malware it knows should it find any, it attempts to remove or ‘remediate’ it. When you open apps or run other executable code subject to Gatekeeper’s checks, it’s checked for matches against the signatures of known malware contained in XProtect’s data file. Older versions of macOS have two separate defences against malware: XProtect and Apple’s Malware Removal Tool, MRT. This article describes how it protects against malware using two related tools known together as XProtect, and how they differ in macOS Catalina and later. MacOS has extensive security protection built into it. The IOCs are available in the SentinelOne OSAMiner report, here. “In this case, we have not seen the actor use any of the more powerful features of AppleScript that we’ve discussed elsewhere, but that is an attack vector that remains wide open and which many defensive tools are not equipped to handle.” “Run-only AppleScripts are surprisingly rare in the macOS malware world, but both the longevity of and the lack of attention to the macOS.OSAMiner campaign, which has likely been running for at least 5 years, shows exactly how powerful run-only AppleScripts can be for evasion and anti-analysis,” Stokes concluded in his report yesterday. Stokes and the SentinelOne team hope that by finally cracking the mystery surrounding this campaign and by publishing IOCs, other macOS security software providers would now be able to detect OSAMiner attacks and help protect macOS users. Yesterday, Stokes published the full-chain of this attack, along with indicators of compromise (IOCs) of past and newer OSAMiner campaigns. Since “run-only” AppleScript come in a compiled state where the source code isn’t human-readable, this made analysis harder for security researchers. The primary reason was that security researchers weren’t able to retrieve the malware’s entire code at the time, which used nested run-only AppleScript files to retrieve its malicious code across different stages.Īs users installed the pirated software, the boobytrapped installers would download and run a run-only AppleScript, which would download and run a second run-only AppleScript, and then another final third run-only AppleScript. ![]() SentinelOne said that two Chinese security firms spotted and analyzed older versions of the OSAMiner in August and September 2018, respectively.īut their reports only scratched the surface of what OSAMiner was capable of, SentinelOne macOS malware researcher Phil Stokes said yesterday. Nested run-only AppleScripts, for the win!īut the cryptominer did not go entirely unnoticed. “From what data we have it appears to be mostly targeted at Chineses/Asia-Pacific communities,” the spokesperson added. “OSAMiner has been active for a long time and has evolved in recent months,” a SentinelOne spokesperson told ZDNet in an email interview on Monday. Named OSAMiner, the malware has been distributed in the wild since at least 2015 disguised in pirated (cracked) games and software such as League of Legends and Microsoft Office for Mac, security firm SentinelOne said in a report published this week. ![]() For more than five years, macOS users have been the targets of a sneaky malware operation that used a clever trick to avoid detection and hijacked the hardware resources of infected users to mine cryptocurrency behind their backs. ![]()
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